允许向一个现有的对象添加新的功能,同时又不改变其结构
用来包装原有的类,并在保持类方法签名完整性的前提下,提供了额外的功能。
菜鸟案例:
我们将创建一个 Shape 接口和实现了 Shape 接口的实体类。然后我们创建一个实现了 Shape 接口的抽象装饰类 ShapeDecorator,并把 Shape 对象作为它的实例变量。
RedShapeDecorator 是实现了 ShapeDecorator 的实体类。
DecoratorPatternDemo,我们的演示类使用 RedShapeDecorator 来装饰 Shape 对象。
不知道你有什么感觉,我看完这个图就感觉一般般,老套路,
把Shape接口放在ShapeDecorator接口,这样Shape就成属性了,这样如果有实体类继承ShapeDecorator就顺带着Shape一起了,到时候接口(Shape)的实体类(Circle和Rectangle)传进来再转成Shape,Shape再调用方法,就完成了旧功能的调用,而RedShapeDecorator继承了ShapeDecorator的方法,自己而已不动或者覆盖,就添加上了新功能
上代码
(1)创建一个接口:
Shape.java
public interface Shape {
void draw();
}
(2)创建实现接口的实体类。
Rectangle.java
public class Rectangle implements Shape {
@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Shape: Rectangle");
}
}
Circle.java
public class Circle implements Shape {
@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Shape: Circle");
}
}
(3)创建实现了 Shape 接口的抽象装饰类。
ShapeDecorator.java
public abstract class ShapeDecorator implements Shape {
//把接口挂这了
protected Shape decoratedShape;
//传过来的参数是Shape类型的吧,和我想的一样
public ShapeDecorator(Shape decoratedShape){
this.decoratedShape = decoratedShape;
}
public void draw(){
decoratedShape.draw();
}
}
(4)创建扩展了 ShapeDecorator 类的实体装饰类(这里用的继承,没有implement,因为上面ShapeDecorator是抽象类)
RedShapeDecorator.java
public class RedShapeDecorator extends ShapeDecorator {
//因为
public RedShapeDecorator(Shape decoratedShape) {
super(decoratedShape);
}
@Override
public void draw() {
decoratedShape.draw();
setRedBorder(decoratedShape);
}
private void setRedBorder(Shape decoratedShape){
System.out.println("Border Color: Red");
}
}
(5)使用 RedShapeDecorator 来装饰 Shape 对象。
DecoratorPatternDemo.java
public class DecoratorPatternDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建一个Shape的实体类
Shape circle = new Circle();
//把Shape类型当参数的传进RedShapeDecorator
ShapeDecorator redCircle = new RedShapeDecorator(new Circle());
ShapeDecorator redRectangle = new RedShapeDecorator(new Rectangle());
//Shape redCircle = new RedShapeDecorator(new Circle());
//Shape redRectangle = new RedShapeDecorator(new Rectangle());
System.out.println("Circle with normal border");
circle.draw();
System.out.println("\nCircle of red border");
redCircle.draw();
System.out.println("\nRectangle of red border");
redRectangle.draw();
}
}
(6)执行程序,输出结果:
Circle with normal border
Shape: Circle
Circle of red border
Shape: Circle
Border Color: Red
Rectangle of red border
Shape: Rectangle
Border Color: Red
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版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「胖墩的IT」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43113679/article/details/99437828